Control Flow

<aside> 💡 We use control flow to model how programs are executed. During execution, we keep track of the program location (in hardware, it is known as the program counter)

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Recall that we explore four types of control flow:

• Compound statements (blocks)
• Function calls
• Conditionals
• Iteration

Memory and Variables

One bit ⇒ 0/1 ⇒ 2 states

One byte ⇒ 8 bits ⇒ 256 states (the smallest accessible unit of memory)

To access a byte of memory the address of the byte, must be known.

For a variable definition, C

• Reserves (or “finds”) space in memory to store the variable
• “keeps track of” the address of that storage location
• stores the initial value of the variable at that location

Never assume what the value of an int will be after an overflow occurs. The value of an integer has overflowed is undefined

Character